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Let's say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the true bill and the fake one, someone who took the problem of looking at either of those bills' consecutive numbers would see that they were exactly the same number, and thus one of them needed to be false.

This isn't a great analogy--we will explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are eligible to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is an issue of controversy, as some miners believe the block size ought to be increased to accommodate more data.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB value of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who supports transactions will get paid off.

1MB of transactions can technically be little as 1 transaction (though this is not at all common) or several thousand. It depends on how much data the transactions consume.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to meet two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to reach the perfect answer to a numeric problem. This process is also known as an evidence of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You may have discovered that miners are solving challenging mathematical problems--that is not true at all. What they're doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  which is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Because it's guesswork, you need a lot of computing power in order to get there first. To mine successfully, you need to have a higher"hash rate," which is quantified in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate how much Bitcoin you could mine with your mining rig's hash rate, the site Cryptocompare provides a helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands.  Some miners--particularly Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a cheap method to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, high-tech mining machine.  The cards are those rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the pictures cards into the metal pole.

ExampleI tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they just have to be the first person to guess any number that's less than or equal to the number I am thinking of.

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Let us say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There is no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin conditions, simultaneous answers occur frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will determine by a simple majority--51%--which miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner who has done the work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block" .

Now imagine I pose the"figure what number his comment is here I'm thinking of" question, but I'm not asking only three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of prospective miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be quite hard to guess the right answer.

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The number above has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you probably noticed, that number consists not only of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let's unpack the term"hexadecimal."

As you know, we use the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that over here every digit has 10 chances, 0-9.